When should you use the words 'super' or 'heavy' in an en route environment?

In the context of air traffic control, the terms 'super' and 'heavy' are used to describe aircraft during specific operations, particularly in relation to wake turbulence and separation criteria. The correct application of these terms is crucial for maintaining safety in the en route environment.

Using 'super' is designated for aircraft that are Airbus A380 and similar oversized aircraft, while 'heavy' applies to aircraft that have a maximum takeoff weight of 255,000 pounds or more. Using these designations becomes particularly relevant when coordination involves separation of less than 5 miles. This is important because super and heavy aircraft produce more significant wake turbulence, which can adversely affect trailing aircraft. By communicating their status to other controllers, ATC can ensure that adequate separation is maintained and minimize the risk of wake turbulence encounters.

In scenarios where altitude changes, weather reporting, or ground control communications are involved, the use of these specific terms is not necessary. The other options do not directly relate to the operations where awareness of wake turbulence effects is critical, hence their limited relevance for using 'super' or 'heavy'.