What is the primary function of an Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT)?

The primary function of an Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT) is to emit a distress signal in the event of an aircraft crash. An ELT is a vital safety device that is automatically activated upon impact or can be manually triggered by the flight crew. The distress signal it transmits enables search and rescue teams to quickly locate the downed aircraft and assist survivors. This feature is particularly crucial in remote areas where the visibility of the crash site may be limited, or where immediate help is needed to ensure the safety of any crew or passengers.

The other options do not align with the primary purpose of an ELT. While communication with other aircraft is important in aviation, it is not the function of an ELT. The device also does not provide weather information, which is typically relayed by meteorological services or other aviation communication systems. Additionally, tracking the flight path of an airplane is managed by other systems such as transponders and radar rather than by an ELT. This clarity emphasizes the essential role of the ELT in enhancing aviation safety during emergencies.