What facility has initial search and rescue responsibility for aircraft on a VFR flight plan?

The facility that has initial search and rescue responsibility for aircraft on a VFR flight plan is the Flight Service Station (FSS). FSS personnel are responsible for monitoring VFR flight activities and assisting pilots in need of help. When a pilot files a VFR flight plan, the FSS becomes the primary point of contact in the event that the aircraft does not arrive at its destination as planned.

When an aircraft is reported missing or unaccounted for, the FSS initiates search and rescue procedures by coordinating with other agencies, which may include the Rescue Coordination Center (RCC). The RCC comes into play for more extensive search and rescue efforts, but the initial responsibility lies with the FSS due to their role in managing VFR flight plans and providing support to general aviation pilots.

In contrast, while ARTCC (Air Route Traffic Control Center) and ATC (Air Traffic Control) handle aircraft operations and separation in controlled airspace, they primarily deal with IFR flight plans and do not have the same direct responsibility for VFR situations unless a specific emergency arises while the aircraft is in controlled airspace.