What does 'CLEARED TO LAND' authorize?

When an air traffic controller issues the phrase "CLEARED TO LAND," it specifically grants the pilot permission to land on the designated runway. This instruction indicates that the aircraft has satisfied all necessary conditions to safely descend and land, including any traffic advisories or weather considerations. It implies that the runway is clear for the aircraft's approach and landing, and that the pilot is authorized to execute the landing procedure.

This phrase is part of standard ATC communication, which ensures that pilots have the necessary clearance to proceed safely. Without this clearance, landing could be hazardous, as other aircraft may be using the runway or there may be other operational considerations.

The other options do not accurately define the meaning of "CLEARED TO LAND." The clearance does not merely authorize the descent to final approach, nor does it indicate the need for a go-around or a touch-and-go, which are different instructions meant for specific flight maneuvers.