What are the universal emergency frequencies in aviation?

The universal emergency frequencies in aviation are established to ensure that aircraft in distress can communicate effectively across various regions and with different types of radio equipment. The frequencies set for emergency purposes are VHF 121.5 MHz and UHF 243.0 MHz.

VHF 121.5 MHz is designated primarily for civilian air traffic and is monitored by air traffic control units and aircraft. It is the frequency used for emergency distress calls, allowing pilots to communicate their emergencies or request assistance.

UHF 243.0 MHz serves a similar purpose but is primarily used by military aircraft for emergency situations. This frequency is also monitored by military personnel, ensuring that any distress signals from military aircraft can be efficiently addressed.

Using these specific frequencies provides a coordinated response for emergency situations across both civilian and military operations, allowing for effective communication and assistance when needed. Given that these two frequencies are universally recognized as emergency channels, they play a crucial role in maintaining aviation safety.